Oracle 10gR2 and RMAN duplicate and errors: ORA-19870, ORA-19505, ORA-27037

When coping backup files from target database server to auxiliary database server, then trying to duplicate a database on a new server using Oracle RMAN 10gR2, the following error occurred:

channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /backup/DB/rman/DB_dbf_s2076_p1_t793477838_cold_disk.bck

ORA-19870: error reading backup piece /backup/DB/rman/DB_dbf_s2076_p1_t793477838_cold_disk.bck

ORA-19505: failed to identify file "/backup/DB/rman/DB_dbf_s2076_p1_t793477838_cold_disk.bck"

ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status

SVR4 Error: 2: No such file or directory

Additional information: 3

failover to previous backup

Solution: Add backup files to the Recovery Catalog

Cataloging Older Files in the Recovery Catalog

If you have datafile copies, backup pieces or archive logs on disk, you can catalog them in the recovery catalog using the CATALOG command. When using a recovery catalog, cataloging older backups that have aged out of the control file lets RMAN use the older backups during restore operations. 

For example:

RMAN> CATALOG DATAFILECOPY '/disk1/old_datafiles/01_01_2003/users01.dbf';
RMAN> CATALOG ARCHIVELOG '/disk1/arch_logs/archive1_731.dbf', 
     '/disk1/arch_logs/archive1_732.dbf';
RMAN> CATALOG BACKUPPIECE '/disk1/backups/backup_820.bkp';

You can also catalog multiple backup files in a directory at once, using the CATALOG START WITH command, as shown in this example:

RMAN> CATALOG START WITH '/disk1/backups/';

Reference: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B14117_01/server.101/b10734/rcmrepos.htm#1006296